VŘSR po vidlácku

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Nechtěl jsem zapomenout na stoleté výročí VŘSR, ale Vlk na Kose se tématu chopil velmi dobře a po faktografické stránce jsem k jeho  článkům neměl co přidat. Mohl jsem si dovolit chvíli počkat, pokusit se obejít celou tu velkou revoluci zezadu a podívat se na ni více po vidlácku. Až dnes ráno mi to trochu sepnulo a tak zkusím přidat pohled z vesnického dvorku. 

Jednak by bylo asi dobré zdůraznit, že komunismus tady byl už dávno před VŘSR, byl tu dávno před Leninem a byl tu dávno před Marxem. Byl tu dokonce i před husity. Nejstarší písemný doklad komunismu, který se dá snadno vyčíst najdete v Bibli. Konkrétně kniha Skutky apoštolské. Je dost možné, že nějaké hebrejské, aramejské, egyptské, perské či sumerské spisy by odhalily ještě starší záznamy o komunitách žijících pospolu a vlastnících všechno dohromady. Bohužel zmíněnými jazyky vládne málokdo, tož poděkujme Janu Blahoslavovi, že se obtěžoval přeložit do češtiny právě ten Nový zákon.

Někdy v prvním století našeho letopočtu tak máme velmi pěkný doklad komunismu v praxi. Prodávání majetku, rozdávání chudým, semknutá komunita žijící z práce svých rukou mající všechno společné. A popis velkého množství problémů, které takový komunismus doprovázejí, drakonická opatření na jeho udržení, nezbytnost velkého ideového vypětí a vlastně i nezbytnost silného nepřítele a velkého ohrožení. Za takových podmínek ten komunismus chvíli fungoval. A sotva zmíněné podmínky pominuly, nestačil ani Boží syn, ani apoštolská autorita, ani prosby ani hrozby, ani klatby ani koncily. Komunismus se rozpadl sám a za pár desítek let už byli církevní biskupové bohatí až hanba. 

Podobné příklady se nám dějinami vinou jako červená nit. Husité jsou ohroženi, mají silného velkého nepřítele, mají Husův ideál, tož házejí peníze do společných kádí. A pak stačilo chvíli nečekaně vítězit, kádě zmizely, pak se zas pěkně začaly platit poddanské dávky a nakonec většina hejtmanů zázračně zbohatla. Francouzská revoluce má velmi podobný průběh. Sny o rovnosti, svornosti a bratrství fungují do prvních vítězství, aby nakonec vládl císař. 

Překvapí tedy někoho, že se v Rusku odehrálo něco podobného? Lid je v ohrožení. Má nepřítele na všech stranách. Car je loutka v rukách pochybných rádců, prozatímní vláda je jedna banda idiotů, do toho mašírují Němci, spojenci ze srdečné Dohody zase tak srdeční nejsou, do toho šmelináři, keťasové, střílení do dělníků.... Ejhle Lenin. A kdyby nebyl Lenin, byl by někdo jiný.  Nepřítel je, ohrožení je, do té doby kavárenský ideál od Marxe je, všechno štymuje.  Komunismus má znovu živnou půdu. 

A znovu funguje jen pro chvíle nejhoršího ohrožení. Jakmile je uzavřen mír, končí občanská válka, v té chvíli se z komunismu musí udělat nové císařství s novým Napoleonem. Nezmění na tom nic ani Marx, ani Leninova nabalzamovaná mrtvola, ani Frunzeho akademie, ani dobový VUML. 

Komunismus se pod jiným názvem zase vynoří. Až bude k dispozici ideál, nepřítel a ohrožení. 

Stejně tak není divu, že se ke komunismu nepřidávají ti, co toto ohrožení, nepřítele a ideály neprožívají. Můžete být marxista, můžete mít nepřítele za branami, ale dokud máte plný stůl žrádla a nepadají vám bomby na hlavu, zřejmě se komunistou nestanete. Pokud budete voják v poli pod palbou, budete ohrožen, budete mít nepřítele, ale nebudete mít v duši leninovy spisy nebo Alláha, stanete se nihilistou, ale ne komunistou.  A když přijdete při živelní katastrofě o všechno, budete chcípat hlady a vaše poslední myšlenka bude směřovat k Marxovi nebo k Ježíši, stejně z vás nebude komunista, protože chybí nepřítel na kterého by se to všechno dalo svézt. 

Komunismus je podle mě úplně normální lidská reakce pro chvíle nejvyššího ohrožení. Je to stejný reflex jako útěk při vystrašení, nebo držení se matky. Je zle, tak se slejzáme k sobě a dělíme se o všechno. Vezmi si moje jídlo sousede, jen neodcházej pryč. Nemáš deku? Vlez si pod moji, jen nás tu nenechávej samotné. Je zle, ze tmy svítí vlčí oči, musíme se držet pohromadě, jinak nás rozsápou. Dám cokoliv, jen abych na tenhle strach a ohrožení nebyl sám. Dělám to dobrovolně, protože jsem ohrožen, protože je tu nepřítel a protože mi nezbývá než věřit v lidské dobro.

V době blahobytu a míru je komunismus jen kavárenská diskuse. Nehraje roli. Nikoho netrápí a jen výjimečně je někdo ochoten se takovému komunismu podřídit a jednat podle něj.  Však v tom Izraeli fungovaly kibucy také nejlépe, dokud byli arabové kolem silnější. Jakmile si Izraelci vyrobili atomovky a stali se vojensky nejsilnější v regionu, přestaly hrát ideály a pocity ohrožení takovou roli.  

 

 

 

 

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